Estimation · Chapter 3

Powers of Ten and Scientific Notation

Every step up the ladder is ten times the last. Multiplying adds the zeros; dividing takes them away.

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Opens on Chapter 3’s example: seconds in a year, 3,000 × 40,000, and the middle of 100 and 10,000.

Multiply or divide
The middle of two numbers
Enter your numbers, then press Calculate.
From the book, Chapter 3. Seconds in a year: 31,536,000, about 3 × 10⁷; people in the US (2020 census): about 3 × 10⁸, about 10.5 times as many. 3,000 × 40,000 = 120 million; 6 billion ÷ 2,000 = 3 million. The plain middle of 100 and 10,000 is 5,050; the ladder’s middle is 1,000. A 2 TB drive holds 500,000 photos of 4 MB.

Rounding is half up, the way the book rounds. Numbers can be typed as 1,450, $38, 12%, 1/20, 2.5 million or 3 × 10⁷. Everything stays in your browser: no sign-up, nothing stored or sent.